Growth Disturbances in Children With Rheumatologic Diseases

Growth impairment is a well-recognized complication in pediatric rheumatologic diseases, particularly juvenile idiopathic arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and systemic sclerosis. These conditions interfere with normal childhood development through the combined influences of chronic inflammation, altered endocrine signaling, malnutrition, delayed puberty, reduced physical activity, and medication toxicity-especially glucocorticoids. Although the advent of biologic therapy has dramatically improved disease control and enhanced growth potential, many children continue to exhibit significant growth delays that persist into adulthood. This review synthesizes current knowledge on mechanisms of growth suppression in pediatric rheumatologic diseases, describes disease-specific effects, and discusses contemporary therapeutic strategies aimed at optimizing linear growth and overall development.