Theoretical foundations and practice of labor regulation in urban management: problems and prospects (on the example of urban landscaping and greening)

The relevance of the study is determined by the high strategic importance of forming a comfortable urban environment [1] within the framework of the national projects «Housing and Urban Environment» and «Infrastructure for Life» as well as by systemic problems in the legal regulation of labor in the field of urban landscaping and greening. The aim of the work is a comprehensive analysis of the regulatory framework and judicial practice to identify legal conflicts and formulate proposals for improving the regulatory mechanism. The research materials include provisions of the Labor Code and the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation, the professional standard «Specialist in Landscaping and Greening of Territories and Objects» as well as rulings of courts of general jurisdiction and arbitration courts for the period 2019-2025. General scientific and specific legal methods were applied: analysis, comparative legal, formal legal, and case-study methods. It is established that the dominance of civil-law contracts where signs of employment relationships exist, the lack of uniformity in quality control of work, and the low attractiveness of the industry create persistent legal and social risks. Measures are proposed to strengthen preventive supervision, introduce digital documentation tools, and integrate personnel policy into national projects.