Changing epidemiology and clinical presentation of rectal lymphogranuloma venereum in the HIV-PrEP era: A comparative study from Bologna, Italy

= 55, including 45 PLWH and 10 non-HIV MSM) and were significantly more likely to be asymptomatic, with lower rates of concurrent bacterial STIs. ConclusionThese findings suggest that rectal LGV remains endemic in our setting but may present with different clinical patterns in the HIV-PrEP era, with a higher proportion of asymptomatic infections among PrEP users, likely reflecting intensified STI screening. Continued epidemiological surveillance is needed to better understand LGV transmission dynamics and to inform tailored prevention and screening strategies among MSM.