Interpersonal interactions in a community-based activity program targeting loneliness among older adults: An ethnographic study

Healthy aging implies physical and psychological well-being, maintaining social relationships and engaging in meaningful activities. Thus, socially inclusive initiatives that address loneliness are needed. The aim of this ethnographic study was to describe interpersonal interactions in a community-based activity program targeting loneliness among older adults. Over 10 weeks, 10 participants were observed during interpersonal interactions on 20 occasions, focusing on when, where, and how the interactions occurred. Field and reflective notes were analyzed using an ethnographic approach. The findings show that support was promoted through communication, which created togetherness in the activities by encouraging each other and exchanging knowledge and information. Furthermore, connecting by embracing openness highlighted a willingness and courage to share life experiences and bring memories into conversations. These findings provide valuable insights for designing future activity programs that reduce loneliness and promote social connectedness among older adults.