Exploring Sleep Disorder Therapeutics: A Target-Based ComputationalStudy of Active Constituents from Xyris Pauciflora

Introduction: This study aims to investigate phytochemicals from Xyris paucifolia as novel anti–insomnia agents through molecular docking and ADMET analysis. materials and methods: Molecular docking investigations demonstrated that this chemical has robust binding affinities to various neuroreceptors implicated in sleep regulation, namely GABA A, serotonin 5-HT 1A, and adenosine A 2A receptors. Methods: An integrated in silico method based on PubChem, PDB, Discovery Studio, and AutoDock was used for receptor binding and pharmacokinetic/toxicity profile analysis. results: These interactions indicate a poly pharmacological mechanism of action, identifying luteolin-7-O-glucoside as a potential candidate for rectifying the intricate neurochemical imbalances associated with chronic insomnia. In contrast to traditional hypnotics that typically focus on singular pathways and provide dangers like dependency, tolerance, or negative side effects, this multi-target profile may provide a safer and more holistic solution. ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) predictions reinforce its drug-likeness, demonstrating elevated oral bioavailability, metabolic stability, and minimal toxicity attributes essential for prolonged usage. Results: Luteolin-7-O-glucoside showed the highest binding affinity among all targeted receptors with docking scores of –10.2 kcal/mol (GABA-A), –9.4 kcal/mol (serotonin), –8.7 kcal/mol (GABA-transaminase), and –9.1 kcal/mol (adenosine), which were higher than the reference compounds of Ashwagandha and Valerian. ADMET predictions indicated increased oral bioavailability, good metabolic stability, and the least expected toxicity among the studied alternatives. discussion: The compound's derivation from Xyris pauciflora, a mostly unexamined botanical source, highlights the promise of natural products in sleep treatment. Moreover, in silico approaches offer an effective approach for preliminary screening and rational drug design. Discussion: The isolation of the compound from Xyris pauciflora, an almost untapped botanical resource, underscores the potential of natural products for the treatment of sleep. In addition, in silico studies are a good means for primary screening and rational drug design. conclusion: These findings collectively underscore luteolin-7-O-glucoside as a promising lead compound for the development of innovative, plant-derived therapies for insomnia and affirm the efficacy of computational techniques in phytopharmaceutical research. Conclusion: Luteolin-7-O-glucoside remains a promising, multi-target lead compound for the treatment of insomnia, with good safety, and thus deserves further wet-lab validation, underscoring the importance of computational screening in natural product drug development.