Hemolymphangioma of the rectum: description of a case assessed with MRI and treated with a minimally invasive technique

This case report details the clinical presentation of a 52-year-old male diagnosed with a hemolymphangioma of the rectum, a rare manifestation of hemolymphangioma (HLA), which was incidentally identified during diagnostic evaluations for bladder cancer. Initial endoscopic and radiological assessments yielded limited diagnostic clarity, prompting the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which revealed a sizable mass infiltrating the rectal wall. The patient subsequently underwent a successful transanal local excision, with histopathological analysis confirming the diagnosis. The postoperative course was uneventful, and no recurrence was observed during a five-year follow-up period. This report underscores the uncommon occurrence of rectal HLA and advocates for a minimally invasive surgical strategy, demonstrating that transanal excision serves as an effective modality for both diagnosis and treatment.