The Scientific Evidence — Bradford Hill Criteria, p-value and Mathematics Applied to the Cause of Cancer — Comparison of All Etiological Theories

This document systematically applies Bradford Hill criteria and standard statistical tests to the four main etiological theories of cancer: genetic, environmental, lifestyle, and viral. Results show that the viral thesis quantitatively surpasses all alternative theories: 27/27 Bradford Hill criteria satisfied across 3 independent series, Chi²=81.4 (p<0.0001), HR=0.48 (p<0.001), Mann-Whitney U=0 (p<0.001). No theory on the cause of cancer has ever reached these values in the history of medicine. Data belong to international peer-reviewed literature (Lancet, JAMA, NEJM, IARC).

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-04-01
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19370275
Primary Topic
Historical and modern epidemiology studies
Type
article
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0.00
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article

The Scientific Evidence — Bradford Hill Criteria, p-value and Mathematics Applied to the Cause of Cancer — Comparison of All Etiological Theories

Luciano Imbimbo
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Historical and modern epidemiology studies
article

The Scientific Evidence — Bradford Hill Criteria, p-value and Mathematics Applied to the Cause of Cancer — Comparison of All Etiological Theories

Luciano Imbimbo
article en

Abstract

This document systematically applies Bradford Hill criteria and standard statistical tests to the four main etiological theories of cancer: genetic, environmental, lifestyle, and viral. Results show that the viral thesis quantitatively surpasses all alternative theories: 27/27 Bradford Hill criteria satisfied across 3 independent series, Chi²=81.4 (p<0.0001), HR=0.48 (p<0.001), Mann-Whitney U=0 (p<0.001). No theory on the cause of cancer has ever reached these values in the history of medicine. Data belong to international peer-reviewed literature (Lancet, JAMA, NEJM, IARC).

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Openalex Percentile: Top 29%
Historical and modern epidemiology studies
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The Scientific Evidence — Bradford Hill Criteria, p-value and Mathematics Applied to the Cause of Cancer — Comparison of All Etiological Theories — Luciano Imbimbo · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS