Dynamics the public’s attitude towards the emerging sustainable aeroponics farming: A mathematical modeling approach

Aeroponics farming offers a sustainable and efficient solution to meet the growing food demands of an expanding population, particularly under challenges posed by urbanization and climate change, by enabling high crop yields with minimal water and land use. However, as an emerging technique, its widespread adoption faces challenges related to farmer participation and consumer acceptance. This study presents a newly proposed mathematical model combined with an optimization framework to analyze the adoption dynamics of both farmers and consumers toward aeroponically grown products. The model’s existence, uniqueness, equilibrium stability, and key variable sensitivities were analyzed to validate the model analytically. Also, the numerical simulations were performed using the fourth-order Runge–Kutta and Simpson’s 3/8 rule integration algorithms. The findings reveal the importance of targeted strategies, including incentives for farmers and consumer awareness programs, with approximate allocations of 2364 Taka per farmer and 295 Taka per consumer, which can significantly enhance aeroponics adoption while maintaining cost efficiency. Therefore, this study suggests that governments collaborate with social service organizations to implement policies that promote the adoption of sustainable aeroponics by farmers and increase public awareness to stimulate demand for such products.