EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF SOME AQUEOUS AND ALCOHOLIC PLANT EXTRACTS IN CONTROLLING THE SOUTHERN COWPEA BEETLE CALLOSOBRACHUS MACULATUS .F

The results of the study showed that the alcoholic extract of Nerium oleander leaves was superior, recording the highest Mortality rate of 34.14%, which did not significantly differ from the average Mortality rate of Melia azedarach extract, which amounted to 33.05%. Meanwhile, the aqueous extract of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves achieved the lowest Mortality rate of 15.55%. The interaction effect between the extract and the concentration used also had a significant impact, as the alcoholic extract of Nerium oleander achieved the highest Mortality rate of 65.56% at a concentration of 3.5%. Also, regarding the interaction effect between the extracts studied and the treatment time, we found that the alcoholic extract of Nerium oleander leaves was more effective, achieving a Mortality rate of 43.33% after 72 hours of treatment. As for the interaction effect between the concentrations used and the time used on the Mortality rate, the concentration achieved 3.5% after 72 hours. The highest mortality rate was 66.66% for the treatment, while the lowest mortality rate was at a concentration of 1.5% after 24 hours of treatment. Therefore, the results confirmed that the alcoholic extract of Nerium oleander leaves is effective and has a significant impact on the mortality rate of the southern cowpea beetle, as it is considered an environmentally friendly natural pesticide.