Polyherbal-Mediated Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles Using Hygrophila auriculata and Leucas aspera: Cytotoxicity, Antioxidant Effect, and Antibacterial Potential Against Healthcare-Associated Pathogens

< 0.05). Cytotoxic evaluation in HepG2 cells after 48 h of exposure demonstrated dose-dependent morphological changes and reduced cell viability. These findings suggest that polyherbal-derived CuNPs possess antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic properties with potential relevance for biomedical applications.