Comparative investigation on mechanical and durability performance of LC3-based composite

Environmental concerns of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) promote the advancement of alternatives. Limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) is expected to emerge as a novel and sustainable type of cement. This study examines locally available non-kaolinite clayey soil in two phases. Initially, the calcination temperature, the proportion of calcined clay of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% of OPC weight, and the ratio of calcined clay to limestone powder (CC:SL) 1:0, 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1 were examined. The outcomes were 700°C, 40%, and 2:1, respectively. The best combinations were augmented with recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and carbon fibre (CF) at proportions of 0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% of the binder’s weight. The flowability of the fresh composite was assessed. The mechanical parameters were examined, such as compressive strength, flexural strength, and splitting tensile strength. The durability characteristics of fire resistance, water absorption, water sorptivity, and porosity were studied. According to the results, 1.5% and 1% of the PET and CF fibre contents showed the best mechanical and durability properties. Nevertheless, the augmentation of fibres regularly diminished flowability. This study illustrates the feasibility of utilising locally sourced clayey soil as a pozzolanic material for the production of LC3.

Authors

Institutions

Publication Details

Journal
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability
Published
2026-04-01
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1680/jensu.25.00110
Primary Topic
Concrete and Cement Materials Research
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
article

Comparative investigation on mechanical and durability performance of LC3-based composite

Arass Omer Mawlod
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability
Concrete and Cement Materials Research
article

Comparative investigation on mechanical and durability performance of LC3-based composite

Arass Omer Mawlod
article en

Abstract

Environmental concerns of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) promote the advancement of alternatives. Limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) is expected to emerge as a novel and sustainable type of cement. This study examines locally available non-kaolinite clayey soil in two phases. Initially, the calcination temperature, the proportion of calcined clay of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% of OPC weight, and the ratio of calcined clay to limestone powder (CC:SL) 1:0, 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1 were examined. The outcomes were 700°C, 40%, and 2:1, respectively. The best combinations were augmented with recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and carbon fibre (CF) at proportions of 0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% of the binder’s weight. The flowability of the fresh composite was assessed. The mechanical parameters were examined, such as compressive strength, flexural strength, and splitting tensile strength. The durability characteristics of fire resistance, water absorption, water sorptivity, and porosity were studied. According to the results, 1.5% and 1% of the PET and CF fibre contents showed the best mechanical and durability properties. Nevertheless, the augmentation of fibres regularly diminished flowability. This study illustrates the feasibility of utilising locally sourced clayey soil as a pozzolanic material for the production of LC3.

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability
University of Raparin (IQ)
Responsible consumption and production
Openalex Percentile: Top 26%
Concrete and Cement Materials Research
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.