Analysis of current status and risk factors of catheter infection in hemodialysis patients in Gansu Province, China

Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) significantly increases the mortality rate among hemodialysis patients. This study aims to analyze the prevalence of CRBSI and its risk factors in hemodialysis patients, providing actionable recommendations using Gansu Province as a case study. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 540 hemodialysis patients with central venous catheters, selected from 28 hospitals across seven cities in Gansu Province. Patients were divided into an infected group (90 cases) and a non-infected group (450 cases). Data collected included clinical characteristics, infection rates, pathogens, and their antibiotic sensitivity. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for CRBSI. The CRBSI incidence rate was 16.67%. Gram-positive bacteria predominated among isolated pathogens (59.02%), with Staphylococcus aureus (31.15%) being the most common. Logistic regression identified hospital level, diabetic nephropathy as the primary disease, anemia, hypoproteinemia, and elevated serum ferritin as significant risk factors. CRBSI incidence in Gansu’s hemodialysis patients is high, with Gram-positive bacteria as the dominant pathogens. Key risk factors include hospital level, diabetic nephropathy, anemia, hypoproteinemia, and elevated serum ferritin. Targeted interventions are necessary to reduce CRBSI occurrence.