Hydro-Ecology of Household Life: Comparative Determination of Water Use Behavior in Mitigating Climate Change in Urban Areas

Sustainable water use behavior in households is a crucial component in facing the impacts of climate change on water conditions, especially in urban areas and their surroundings in countries like Indonesia. This study examines household water use behavior in urban and peri-urban areas of Surabaya and Sidoarjo in Indonesia by integrating environmental spatial characteristics and using psycho-social factors. This research methodology includes statistical analysis with the aim of examining the variable in relation to household water behavior and then integrating with spatial analysis using nearest neighborhood analyses and spatial overlay with land use/land cover (LULC) and Urban Heat Island (UHI) data, doing so to identify behavioral clustering patterns and assess spatial risk distribution. The results suggest that there is generally positive orientation toward sustainable household water use among respondents. Households in peri-urban areas show better water management behavior than those in urban areas. The implications of spatial risk in urban areas are higher due to poor behavior facing high environmental pressures. On the other hand, when overlaid with clusters of well-behaved respondents, the risk of water shortages decreases, supporting climate change mitigation efforts.