Ligand Electronics Dictate Geometry, Stability, and Cancer Cell Toxicity in Carbon‐Stabilized Gold(III) Macrocycles
) and electronically tuned cyclometalated [C^N] templates. Systematic installation of substituents that modulate σ-donation to Au(III) produces predictable shifts in Au-C and Au-P bond lengths, trans bite angles, and square planar deformation. σ-donor character of complexes influences geometric distortion, aqueous stability, and up to an order-of-magnitude higher cytotoxicity in triple-negative breast cancer and estrogen receptor-positive models compared to cisplatin. Mechanism of action studies supports acute mitochondrial uncoupling and mtROS production, leading to cell death by this class of compounds. This electronic-structural-biological correlation provides a rare, experimentally validated design principle for Au(III) scaffolds and positions electronically tuned macrocycles as a chemically tractable platform for targeting intracellular pathways.
Authors
- Sashen Ruhunage (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6485-6663)
- Samuel G. Awuah (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4947-7283)
- Sean Parkin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5777-3918)
- Chad Risko (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9838-5233)
- Arinzechukwu C. Egwu
- Justin C. Holmes
- Sanjay Dutta
Institutions
- University of Kentucky (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- ChemBioChem
- Published
- 2026-03-31
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.202500962
- Primary Topic
- Organometallic Complex Synthesis and Catalysis
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00