Ligand Electronics Dictate Geometry, Stability, and Cancer Cell Toxicity in Carbon‐Stabilized Gold(III) Macrocycles

) and electronically tuned cyclometalated [C^N] templates. Systematic installation of substituents that modulate σ-donation to Au(III) produces predictable shifts in Au-C and Au-P bond lengths, trans bite angles, and square planar deformation. σ-donor character of complexes influences geometric distortion, aqueous stability, and up to an order-of-magnitude higher cytotoxicity in triple-negative breast cancer and estrogen receptor-positive models compared to cisplatin. Mechanism of action studies supports acute mitochondrial uncoupling and mtROS production, leading to cell death by this class of compounds. This electronic-structural-biological correlation provides a rare, experimentally validated design principle for Au(III) scaffolds and positions electronically tuned macrocycles as a chemically tractable platform for targeting intracellular pathways.

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Journal
ChemBioChem
Published
2026-03-31
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.202500962
Primary Topic
Organometallic Complex Synthesis and Catalysis
Type
article
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article

Ligand Electronics Dictate Geometry, Stability, and Cancer Cell Toxicity in Carbon‐Stabilized Gold(III) Macrocycles

Sashen Ruhunage, Samuel G. Awuah, Sean Parkin, Chad Risko et al.
ChemBioChem
Organometallic Complex Synthesis and Catalysis
article

Ligand Electronics Dictate Geometry, Stability, and Cancer Cell Toxicity in Carbon‐Stabilized Gold(III) Macrocycles

Sashen Ruhunage, Samuel G. Awuah, Sean Parkin, Chad Risko, Arinzechukwu C. Egwu, Justin C. Holmes, Sanjay Dutta
article en

Abstract

) and electronically tuned cyclometalated [C^N] templates. Systematic installation of substituents that modulate σ-donation to Au(III) produces predictable shifts in Au-C and Au-P bond lengths, trans bite angles, and square planar deformation. σ-donor character of complexes influences geometric distortion, aqueous stability, and up to an order-of-magnitude higher cytotoxicity in triple-negative breast cancer and estrogen receptor-positive models compared to cisplatin. Mechanism of action studies supports acute mitochondrial uncoupling and mtROS production, leading to cell death by this class of compounds. This electronic-structural-biological correlation provides a rare, experimentally validated design principle for Au(III) scaffolds and positions electronically tuned macrocycles as a chemically tractable platform for targeting intracellular pathways.

ChemBioChemVol. 27(7)
University of Kentucky (US)
Openalex Percentile: Top 30%
Organometallic Complex Synthesis and Catalysis
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