Phosphate Metabolism in Neonates: Critical Considerations in the Perinatal Period

In the perinatal period, phosphate metabolism undergoes rapid change. This transition invites potential disruptions to phosphate homeostasis that may be overlooked. The neonatal population, particularly those with low birth weight, is vulnerable to developing hypophosphatemia due to a host of factors, including shorter gestation and nutrition. Evaluating for phosphate abnormalities early and regularly is critical to mitigating downstream effects of inadequate phosphate supply. The common causes and approach to evaluation and management of hypophosphatemia will be discussed in this review.