Women's Autonomy in Obstetric Care: A Qualitative Study on Violations and Experiences

To explore how women experience and interpret autonomy in obstetric care across pregnancy, childbirth, abortion, and the postpartum period. A qualitative descriptive study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with women who had received obstetric-gynecological care. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed through hybrid thematic analysis. Participants described multiple constraints on autonomy associated with hierarchical professional relationships, limited information, and protocol-driven care practices. Autonomy emerged as a multidimensional and relational process extending beyond formal informed consent and encompassing bodily, decisional, emotional, and relational aspects. These experiences influenced both childbirth perceptions and trust in healthcare professionals, indicating the need for greater attention to communication, shared decision-making, and relational support in clinical practice. Constraints on women's autonomy in obstetric care raise important ethical and human-rights considerations. Nurses specializing in obstetrics and gynecology play a key role in fostering respectful communication, supporting informed decision-making, and promoting care practices aligned with dignity and autonomy.