Occupational exposure to inhalational anesthetics and the risk of spontaneous abortion: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Healthcare professionals, particularly anesthesiologists, nurses, and dental staff, are routinely exposed to inhalational anesthetic agents such as nitrous oxide and halogenated gases. Although scavenging and ventilation systems have reduced ambient levels, concerns remain regarding reproductive risks associated with chronic exposure. Previous studies have yielded inconsistent results. A systematic review and meta-analysis of published observational studies was conducted to clarify the relationship, assessing reproductive outcomes among healthcare workers who were exposed. Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify the association between occupational exposure to anesthetic gases and the risk of spontaneous abortion among healthcare workers. Methods: statistic, and potential moderators were explored via subgroup and meta-regression analyses. Results: = 0.010), accounting for 73.6% of the heterogeneity. Sensitivity and Egger's tests revealed robust findings without evidence of publication bias. Conclusion: Occupational exposure to anesthetic gases may increase the risk of spontaneous abortion, particularly in those who are at high exposure, emphasizing the need for stringent exposure control and improved workplace safety standards.