Study of renal parameters toward risk assessment in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy significantly impact maternal and fetal outcomes, contributing to morbidity and mortality. WHO reports that in developed countries, 16% of maternal deaths are due to these disorders. Pre-eclampsia (PET) alone affects 2–8% of pregnancies worldwide. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to assess PET risk to enable early prevention and treatment, particularly in settings lacking advanced renal evaluation facilities. Materials and Methods: This was an institution-based observational case–control study conducted on 120 pregnant women during 1-year period, chosen based on pre-defined exclusion and inclusion criteria from the North Bengal Medical College and Hospital antenatal outpatient department and indoor patients. Results: Serum urea and creatinine showed a mild positive correlation with the severity of PET and eclampsia. Serum uric acid and albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) value showed a strong positive correlation with the severity of the disease. Conclusion: Although comprising a limited sample size, this study advocates the regular monitoring of serum uric acid and the urinary ACR in pregnant females. This may help to predict and prevent the development of PET.