Association between blood lipid levels, BMI, and hypertension among employees in petrochemical enterprises

Objective: To assess the combined effects of dyslipidemia, lipid parameters, non-traditional lipid markers, and body mass index (BMI) on hypertension incidence among petrochemical workers. Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed associations between lipid markers, BMI, and incident hypertension using multivariable logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Dose-response relationships were examined with restricted cubic spline models. Results: Dyslipidemia was associated with increased hypertension risk, with stronger associations in men. Elevated TC, TG, and LDL-C were significantly associated with hypertension in men, whereas only TG was significant in women. High LDL-C independently increased hypertension risk in the total population and in men. Increasing quartiles of TC and TG showed clear linear dose-response relationships. In men, hypertension risk rose with the number of coexisting lipid abnormalities. Non-traditional lipid markers (non-HDL-C, TG/HDL-C ratio, and TyG index) were positively associated with hypertension and exhibited linear dose-response patterns. Overweight and obesity further increased risk, particularly when combined with dyslipidemia. Conclusion: Adverse lipid profiles, non-traditional lipid markers, and excess body weight are important determinants of hypertension risk in this occupational cohort.