The Study of Physicochemical Properties, Microbial Activities and IR Spectral Analysis of Zn (II) - Cyclophosphamide Complex

The synthesis and analysis of metal-drug coordination complexes, such as those involving Zn(II) and cyclophosphamide, offer significant insights into medicinal chemistry. The present study investigates the complex formation of Cyclophosphamide with Zn(II) metal ion using polarographic, spectroscopic, and antimicrobial analyses. The method is using for analysis of cyclophosphamide complex is physiochemical and microbial culture. The results are showing, infrared spectral analysis further supported complex formation, as the P=O stretching band shifted from 1275 cm⁻¹ to 1285 cm⁻¹ and the C–O stretching band from 1200 cm⁻¹ to 1215 cm⁻¹ in the Zn(II) complex, indicating coordination through the P=O group. Based on polarographic, amperometric, analytical, and IR spectral data, a probable structure of the Zn(II)–Cyclophosphamide complex was proposed. The synthesized complex exhibited antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis with inhibition zones of 15 mm, 13 mm, and 18 mm respectively, while no activity was observed against Escherichia coli. The enhanced antimicrobial activity may be attributed to increased lipophilicity of the metal complex, facilitating better penetration into microbial cell membranes. The increased lipophilicity of the metal complex, which makes it easier for the complex to penetrate microbial cell membranes, may be responsible for the enhanced biological activity. As a result, the produced Zn(II) Cyclophosphamide complex may find use in the creation of antibacterial medicines that are more potent.