A new paulchoffatiid and additional multituberculate (Mammalia) remains from the Lower Cretaceous (Barremian-Aptian) of Germany

Abstract Screen washing operations at the Busche quarry near Balve in North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany) have yielded a new paulchoffatiid multituberculate and additional teeth of the eobaatarid Cheruscodon balvensis . Angrivarodon goresi gen. et sp. nov. is represented by an upper P5 and differs from all known multituberculates of the paulchoffatiid line by a cusp formula of 4B:6L. For C. balvensis 12 new teeth are reported, representing seven formerly unknown tooth positions (dPX, P2, P3, P4, M1, M2, and m1), that allow for the reconstruction of large parts of the upper and lower premolar-molar series. A single upper P4 is attributed to Eobaataridae indet. Three upper P5s are designated as Multituberculata indet., one of which formerly had been assigned to the pinheirodontid Bructerodon alatus . After revision, B. alatus is now restricted to the holotype specimen (M1). Two isolated indeterminate multituberculate incisors have spatulate crowns with complete enamel cover. A cladistic analysis including the new Cheruscodon teeth led to an almost complete resolution of Eobaataridae under inclusion of Arginbaatar into that group. Monophyly of the genus Sinobaatar is not supported by the new cladistic analysis. The shared presence of derived cusp morphology and arrangement of cusps on the upper M2s of the Late Jurassic Teutonodon langenbergensis from the Langenberg locality (Lower Saxony) and of C. balvensis suggest the presence of eobaatarid ancestors in the Jurassic of Central Europe.