Evaluation of the Supporting Effectiveness of Negative Poisson’s Ratio Anchor Cables in Antidip Slope Excavation and Seismic Response

The seismic instability of antidip rock slopes represents a critical issue in the prevention and control of geological disasters. The seismic stability of antidip rock slopes, reinforced using negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR) anchor cables, is examined through both physical model testing and numerical simulations. The NPR anchor cables are recognized for its superior energy absorption and large deformation tolerance. To address the research gap regarding its performance under sequential excavation and seismic loading, this study employs the combined finite–discrete-element method to simulate antidip slope under three conditions: unsupported, supported by traditional Poisson’s ratio (PR), and NPR anchor cables. The numerical model is validated against physical model tests. Subsequent seismic simulations at varying intensities (0.1g, 0.15g, 0.2g) reveal that NPR anchor cables significantly improve the overall stability of slopes, control the volume of the landslide, and delay the occurrence of slope failure. Compared with PR anchor cables, NPR anchor cables effectively reduce the impact area of the landslide and provide a longer emergency response time. These findings demonstrate the substantial advantages of NPR anchor cables for hazard mitigation in seismic regions and provide critical design insights for slope engineering.