Identification of key enzymes for pyraclostrobin degradation by Burkholderia sp. G-1 and its multifunctional bioremediation potential

Pyraclostrobin (PYR) is extensively utilized in agriculture but poses potential risks to environmental safety and human health. The mechanisms underlying PYR biodegradation remain incompletely understood. In this study, we isolated a highly efficient PYR-degrading strain, identified as Burkholderia sp. G-1, from PYR-contaminated soil. This strain degraded 83.22% of PYR within 7 d at an initial concentration of 50 mg/L. Analysis of the degradation products revealed a novel metabolic pathway involving the hydrolytic cleavage of the N–O bond, ether bond, amide bond, and ester bond. Whole-genome sequencing and degradation pathway prediction identified two key enzyme genes that may facilitate PYR degradation. Heterologous expression confirmed that two novel amidases, encoded by AmiE1 and YobB1, significantly contribute to the hydrolysis of the amide bond in PYR. Both enzymes were capable of completely degrading 20 mg/L of PYR within 10 min, demonstrating high catalytic activity and offering valuable enzymatic resources for the bioremediation of PYR contamination in soil and water. Additionally, strain G-1 displays both pesticide degradation capabilities and traits that promote plant growth, underscoring its potential applications in sustainable agriculture and environmental remediation. • A dual-function Burkholderia sp. G-1 degrades pyraclostrobin and promotes plant growth. • Two novel amidohydrolases completely degrade pyraclostrobin within 10 minutes. • A new degradation pathway initiated by N–O bond cleavage is proposed. • Effective bioremediation in water-sediment systems with P-solubilizing and N-fixing activities.