Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding radiation exposure and protection among diagnostic radiographers in radiology departments in Shanghai, China

BACKGROUND: Radiation exposure poses health risks for medical professionals in imaging departments. PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of diagnostic radiographers regarding radiation exposure and protection. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted between June and July 2024 among diagnostic radiographers in Shanghai using convenience sampling knowledge (14 items; score range, 0-28), attitudes (9 items; 9-45), and practices (7 items; 9-45).Correlation analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) explored relationships between KAP domains. RESULTS: A total of 207 valid questionnaires were collected from diagnostic radiographers. The mean scores were: knowledge 19.05 ± 6.61 (possible range: 0-28), attitude 29.97 ± 5.79 (9-45), and practice 30.51 ± 5.47 (9-45). Correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between knowledge-practice (r = 0.390, p < 0.001) and attitude-practice (r = 0.143, p = 0.039). SEM analysis confirmed knowledge directly affected practice (β = 0.446, p = 0.006), while attitude did not significantly mediate this relationship. CONCLUSIONS: Radiographers demonstrated insufficient knowledge but moderate attitudes and practices. Based on these findings, tailored education for early-career radiographers, standardized radiation safety protocols (including clear guidance on protective equipment use), and regular departmental audits may help strengthen radiation safety culture and reduce occupational risks.