A stochastic SECIHRV dynamical system and 3D sensitivity analysis of influenza transmission under environmental uncertainty

Influenza remains a major global health threat, requiring models that capture both deterministic transmission and stochastic environmental effects. This study develops a seven-compartment stochastic SECIHRV dynamical system incorporating susceptible, exposed, chronic, infectious, hospitalized, recovered, and vaccinated populations. The deterministic framework defines the basic reproduction number $\mathcal{R}_{0}$ , while the stochastic extension introduces multiplicative perturbations through independent Wiener processes $B_{1}(t)$ , $B_{2}(t)$ , and $B_{3}(t)$ , representing random fluctuations in transmission, vaccination, and progression rates with intensities $(\xi _{1},\xi _{2},\xi _{3})$ . Analytical results show that if $\mathcal{R}_{s}<1$ , infection dies out almost surely, whereas $\mathcal{R}_{s}>1$ yields a unique stationary distribution with ergodic behavior. Numerical simulations based on a modified Euler Maruyama scheme confirm these findings and reveal the transition from deterministic predictability to stochastic variability. A three-dimensional sensitivity analysis of $\mathcal{R}_{s}$ further demonstrates that higher stochastic intensities flatten and suppress the reproduction surface, highlighting the stabilizing influence of environmental noise on epidemic persistence and control. The primary contribution of this work is the formulation and comprehensive analysis of a high-dimensional stochastic epidemic model with simultaneous noise in multiple epidemiological parameters, a detailed 3D sensitivity analysis of the stochastic reproduction number, and the demonstration of how environmental variability can suppress or sustain infection under different noise regimes.

Authors

Institutions

Publication Details

Journal
Boundary Value Problems
Published
2026-03-31
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13661-026-02256-2
Citations
1
Primary Topic
Influenza Virus Research Studies
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
19.73

Funders

Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
article

A stochastic SECIHRV dynamical system and 3D sensitivity analysis of influenza transmission under environmental uncertainty

Shah Hussain, Thoraya N. Alharthi
1 citations
Boundary Value Problems
Influenza Virus Research Studies
19.73
article

A stochastic SECIHRV dynamical system and 3D sensitivity analysis of influenza transmission under environmental uncertainty

Shah Hussain, Thoraya N. Alharthi
article en
1 citations

Abstract

Influenza remains a major global health threat, requiring models that capture both deterministic transmission and stochastic environmental effects. This study develops a seven-compartment stochastic SECIHRV dynamical system incorporating susceptible, exposed, chronic, infectious, hospitalized, recovered, and vaccinated populations. The deterministic framework defines the basic reproduction number $\mathcal{R}_{0}$ , while the stochastic extension introduces multiplicative perturbations through independent Wiener processes $B_{1}(t)$ , $B_{2}(t)$ , and $B_{3}(t)$ , representing random fluctuations in transmission, vaccination, and progression rates with intensities $(\xi _{1},\xi _{2},\xi _{3})$ . Analytical results show that if $\mathcal{R}_{s}<1$ , infection dies out almost surely, whereas $\mathcal{R}_{s}>1$ yields a unique stationary distribution with ergodic behavior. Numerical simulations based on a modified Euler Maruyama scheme confirm these findings and reveal the transition from deterministic predictability to stochastic variability. A three-dimensional sensitivity analysis of $\mathcal{R}_{s}$ further demonstrates that higher stochastic intensities flatten and suppress the reproduction surface, highlighting the stabilizing influence of environmental noise on epidemic persistence and control. The primary contribution of this work is the formulation and comprehensive analysis of a high-dimensional stochastic epidemic model with simultaneous noise in multiple epidemiological parameters, a detailed 3D sensitivity analysis of the stochastic reproduction number, and the demonstration of how environmental variability can suppress or sustain infection under different noise regimes.

Boundary Value ProblemsVol. 2026(1)
University of Ha'il (SA), University of Bisha (SA)
University of Bisha
Climate action
Openalex Percentile: Top 1%
Influenza Virus Research Studies
19.73
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.