Collective Charging Dynamics and Work Extraction in Multi‐Atom Quantum Batteries

ABSTRACT We investigate a quantum battery within an open quantum system, in which a harmonic oscillator acts as the charger and two‐level atoms serve as battery cells. This model accounts for the dissipative effects arising from the coupling between both the charger and battery cells with the environment. By analyzing the time evolution of the battery energy, charging power, ergotropy, and logarithmic negativity, we systematically examine the influence of the number of battery cells and environmental dissipation on battery performance. Our results show that increasing significantly enhances the charging power, exhibiting a collective enhancement effect. Both the atomic number and environmental dissipation strongly affect the ergotropy per atom, but their influences are distinct.