Iodine-125 brachytherapy triggers immunogenic cell death and potentiates anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy in bone metastatic triple-negative breast cancer

Introduction: I) brachytherapy as a method to induce sustained ICD and activate systemic antitumor immunity in TNBC bone metastasis using transcriptomic analysis, a dual-tumor model, and CALR-targeted molecular imaging. Methods: I brachytherapy and EBRT to assess differences in tumor control and immune activation. Treatment sequencing studies were performed to evaluate the optimal combination strategy. Results: I-first" approach as an effective immune priming strategy. Discussion: I brachytherapy as a superior immune-priming modality and provide a mechanistic rationale for integrating low-dose-rate brachytherapy with immunotherapy to overcome resistance in bone-metastatic TNBC, offering strong potential for clinical translation., iodine-125 seeds, triple-negative breast cancer.