Synergistic Antibacterial and Osteogenic Activities of Cu/Sr-Empowered 13-93 Bioglass in PMMA Composites for Sequential Promotion of Infectious Osseointegration

and Sr ions modifies the postclearance environment, establishing an immunological microenvironment conducive to osteogenesis, thereby promoting the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by aiding the polarization of M1 macrophages into the M2 phenotype. This offers a promising solution for simultaneously tackling infection management and bone regeneration challenges through sequential ion release and integrated biofunctions.