FILM FORMING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF FORMULATION STRATEGIES AND PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS

Transdermal and topical drug delivery systems have continuously evolved to overcome the formidable physiological barrier of the stratum corneum. Among recent innovations, Film Forming Systems (FFS) represent a significant paradigm shift from traditional semi-solid formulations (creams, ointments) and transdermal patches. FFS are non-solid dosage forms that, upon application to the skin, undergo rapid solvent evaporation to form a thin, transparent, and adherent polymeric film in situ. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of FFS, exploring their formulation strategies, underlying mechanisms of action, and diverse pharmaceutical applications. It further classifies FFS into solutions, gels, emulsions, and sprays, detailing the natural and synthetic polymers utilised in their design. By highlighting key literature from the last decade, this review underscores the novel advancements in FFS. It proposes forward looking formulation concepts to address unmet clinical needs in dermatology and systemic drug delivery.