GENUS ARISAEMA: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON FLAVONOIDS AS PHYTOCONSTITUENTS

The genus Arisaema belongs to the family Araceae and comprises a large number of herbaceous plants widely distributed in Asia, Africa, and North America. Many species of Arisaema have been traditionally used in folk medicine for the treatment of various ailments such as inflammation, respiratory disorders, infections, and digestive problems. The therapeutic potential of these plants is mainly attributed to the presence of diverse phytoconstituents, among which flavonoids play an important role. Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds known for their wide range of biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. Various studies have reported the presence of flavonoids such as quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, and their glycosides in different species of Arisaema. These compounds contribute significantly to the pharmacological potential of the genus. Modern analytical techniques such as LC–MS, HPLC, and spectroscopic methods have been used to identify and characterize flavonoids present in Arisaema species. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the flavonoid phytoconstituents reported in the genus Arisaema, their identification methods, and their pharmacological significance. Understanding the flavonoid profile of Arisaema species may support further research on their therapeutic applications and the development of plant-based drugs. The chemical structures of the flavonoids you listed. All of them belong to the flavonoid family, sharing the same C6–C3–C6 backbone (two benzene rings A & B + heterocyclic ring C), but they differ in hydroxyl groups, glycosides, or saturation.