Комп’ютеризована постурографія в оцінюванні пропріоцептивно-орієнтованої реабілітації після реконструкції передньої хрестоподібної зв’язки

Knee joint injuries are among the most common injuries of the musculoskeletal system, with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures representing the second most common knee pathology after meniscus tears. These injuries not only compromise knee stability but also predispose patients to chronic instability, secondary meniscal damage, and early development of osteoarthritis. The restoration of proprioception plays a critical role in regaining functional stability following ACL reconstruction. Aim. The aim of this study is to assess biomechanical parameters of the knee joint function after ACL reconstruction using stabilometric assessment and to study the effectiveness of a rehabilitation program that includes balance and proprioception training. Materials and methods. The study was conducted at Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University between September 2024 and April 2025. A total of 42 patients who underwent arthroscopic ACL autograft reconstruction were enrolled. All patients underwent MRI diagnostics and participated in structured rehabilitation. The main group received an enhanced program with targeted proprioceptive and balance exercises, while the control group followed the standard rehabilitation protocol. Computerized stabilometric assessment was used to quantify weight distribution and postural stability. Results. Patients in the main group demonstrated significantly improved postural control. Weight distribution was more balanced (52.8 % dominant vs. 47.2 % injured limb, p < 0.05) compared with the control group (59.3 % vs. 40.7 %, p < 0.05). The mean stabilometric support coefficient reached 0.89 in the main group versus 0.71 in control group, indicating better restoration of stability and proprioception, p < 0.05. Conclusions. Computerized posturography enabled objective assessment of postural control after ACL reconstruction. Six month after surgery, patients who underwent rehabilitation with additional balance and proprioceptive training demonstrated significantly more symmetrical weight distribution and better stabilometric stability parameters compared to those who received standard rehabilitation.