A Novel Dual-Modified Starch Integrated with Euphorbia Honey for Improved Antimicrobial Properties

Introduction: The modification of potato starch (PS) by conventional methods (hydrolysis and oxidation) has been extensively studied. In this preliminary study, the effects of endogenous α-amylase and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from Undiluted Euphorbia honey (UEH) and Dissolved EH (DEH) on PS were studied to introduce novel PS, namely hydrolyzed PS and oxidized PS, which are named HPS and OPS, respectively. Methods: This study reports one of the first such attempts to improve the antimicrobial viability of EH combined with PS. The potential of ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for the detection and characterization of EH and enhancing the structural properties of HPS and OPS was investigated, along with an analysis of the in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial potential. The antimicrobial effectiveness of the prepared biomaterial was investigated using the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus and a fungus, Candida. albicans. They were evaluated using the agar well diffusion assay. Results: The FTIR spectral data set revealed discrepancies with EH and PS, with bands associated with lower water content and higher carbohydrate amounts. The visual inspection of the UV–vis spectra revealed distinct chemical compositions. FT-IR data revealed the presence of high-intensity peaks at 3464 cm−1 (EH) and 3263–3583 cm−1 (EH-PS). The obtained experimental results suggested that the UEH had promising antimicrobial activity with an inhibition rate that reached 62.50%, 85%, and 86%. Discussion: Additionally, the inhibition rate indicated that the UEH had a higher inhibition rate than the DEH, with the exception of DEH12.5%, resulting in a 70% inhibition rate. Thereby, the OPS displayed excellent antimicrobial activity; their maximum antibacterial rate against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida. albicans were up to 85.85 %,85.04% and 75%, respectively. On the other hand, in our previously reported work, we found that application of a mixture of PS and EH as a natural antibacterial agent shows an additive effect. conclusion: In line with these results, EH made with dual-modified PS exhibits antimicrobial properties. Overall, these preliminary results highlight the findings that underscore the impact of HPS and OPS on enhancing the antimicrobial activity of the EH, offering a novel biomaterial candidate for antimicrobial wound dressing applications Conclusion: In line with these results, EH made with dual-modified PS exhibits antimicrobial properties. Overall, these preliminary results highlight the findings that underscore the impact of HPS and OPS on enhancing the antimicrobial activity of the EH, offering a novel bio-material candidate for antimicrobial wound dressing applications.