<i>Ammi majus</i> as a New Natural Host of Bean Common Mosaic Virus

ABSTRACT In 2023, two Ammi majus plants showing mosaic symptoms were observed in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Transmission electron microscope analysis of leaf extracts revealed the consistent presence of elongated, flexuous filamentous particles measuring 13–15 nm in width and 700–750 nm in length. Furthermore, analysis of ultrathin sections showed cytoplasmic cylindrical inclusions, characteristic of viruses of the genus Potyvirus . Molecular assays using universal primers, BCMV‐specific primers, and amplicon sequencing confirmed the presence of bean common mosaic virus (BCMV, Potyvirus phaseovulgaris ). Phylogenetic analysis grouped the BCMV isolate from A. majus (BCMV‐Am) in a clade with BCMV isolates from Aristolochia spp. plants. Mechanical inoculation assays resulted in chlorotic local lesions in Chenopodium amaranticolor and C. quinoa , and systemic mosaic in Canavalia ensiformis and Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Jalo. However, the BCMV‐Am isolate was not mechanically transmitted to Apium graveolens and Petroselinum crispum plants. To our knowledge, this is the first report of BCMV naturally infecting A. majus plants.