Current status of Ornamental Fish Trade in Kolkata

AbstractKolkata serves as a major hub for the ornamental fish trade in eastern India, facilitating distribution across regional, national, as well as international markets. The present study evaluates the current status of this sector with emphasis on species composition, trade structure, market channels, and stakeholder interactions. The analysis is primarily based on secondary data sources, supported by field observations conducted in key trading centres, particularly the Galiff Street market in Kolkata. The findings indicate that the trade is largely dominated by freshwater ornamental fish, with a high prevalence of exotic species and comparatively lower representation of indigenous varieties. Commonly traded species include Goldfish (Carassius auratus), Guppies (Poecilia reticulata), Mollies (Poecilia spp.), and Platies (Xiphophorus maculatus), along with Barbs, Gouramis, and Cichlids. Certain varieties such as Albino Oscar, Black Oscar, Silver Shark, Discus, and Apache Oranda Goldfish are considered expensive. The marketing system is characterized by a multi-tiered structure involving breeders, rearers, collectors, wholesalers, and retailers. Collectors act as key intermediaries, often influencing supply and pricing. However, the trade remains largely unorganized and faces constraints such as rising production costs, unequal profit distribution, and ecological concerns. The study highlights the need for sustainable practices and improved management strategies to ensure long-term growth. Keywords: Ornamental fish trade, Market structure, Supply chain, Sustainability