Synthetic Methods, Chemical Reactivity, and Pharmacological Potentials of 1-Amino4,6-Dimethyl-2-Oxo-1,2-Dihydropyridine-3-Carbonitrile: A Review

This review addresses the synthesis methodologies, chemical reactions, and biological activity of 1- amino-4,6-dimethyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile. It is generated via the reaction of acetylacetone with cyanoacethydrazide in ethanol. 1-amino-4,6-dimethyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile is considered a key intermediate for the facile synthesis of newer pyridine derivatives. Chemical reactions are categorized based on the kind of reactants, including (1) condensation reactions involving aldehydes and ketones; (2) reactions with pyran derivatives; (3) cyanoacetylation; (4) reactions with ammonium thiocyanate; and (5) reactions with phenyl isothiocyanate. This review encapsulated several medicinal applications, including anticancer, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory actions.