Exploring Robotic Technologies for Upper Limb Rehabilitation: Current Status and Future Directions

This paper explores the design, control, construction, and leading manufacturers of upper limb rehabilitation robots through a thorough literature review. Utilizing databases such as Scopus, IEEE Xplore, Science Direct, Springer Link, and the Clinical Trials database, the research adhered to a rigorous screening process in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. This included analyzing abstracts and conducting comprehensive reviews of full articles when necessary. A total of fourteen relevant papers were systematically selected for in-depth analysis. The study offers a detailed classification of robotic technologies along with their Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs), discusses the primary challenges hindering their adoption, and proposes strategic research directions to address these issues. In conclusion, while upper limb robotic devices exhibit significant potential, persistent technological and design challenges must be addressed, underscoring the need for ongoing research and multidisciplinary collaboration to facilitate broader and more effective adoption.