Exocrine Gland Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease: Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Therapeutic Perspectives—A Narrative Review
Exocrine gland dysfunction represents a prevalent, intricate, and clinically significant range of non-motor symptoms in PD, indicative of extensive autonomic involvement. Early detection may enhance quality of life and symptom management while also offering insights into disease mechanisms, the discovery of biomarkers and therapeutic interventions.
Authors
- Marina Farah
- Renato P. Munhoz
- Laura Silveira‐Moriyama
Institutions
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (BR)
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) (BR)
- Toronto Western Hospital (CA)
- Hospital Universitário Cajuru (BR)
- Institute of Ophthalmology (MX)
- Krembil Foundation (CA)
- Hospital de Clínicas da Unicamp (BR)
- Krembil Research Institute
- University College London (GB)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Movement Disorders Clinical Practice
- Published
- 2026-03-27
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/mdc3.70610
- Primary Topic
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00