UV-spectrometric study of antibiotic long-term release by different osteoplastic materials used in dentistry

Nowadays, the development and improvement of osteoplastic materials containing antibiotics as long-term controlled-release systems represent a promising direction in bioactive dental practice. To evaluate the relative capacity of different osteoplastic materials used in oral surgery and clinical dental practice to accumulate and subsequently release antibiotics after exposure to antibiotic solutions, using spectrometric analysis. 3 osteoplastic materials "Biomin GT" ("Rapid", Ukraine), "easy-graft CLASSIC 150" ("Regenity Biosciences", USA), and "InterOss" (1-2 mm) ("SigmaGraft", USA) were immersed in 4 antibiotic aqueous solutions (5.0% ofloxacin, 5.0% metronidazole, 4.0% gentamicin sulfate, and 5.0% chloramphenicol) during 24 h and dried later. UV-spectrometric studies were performed to quantify the release of antibiotics into sterile saline on the 2nd, 5th, 10th, and 30th day. Evaluated osteoplastic materials released different volumes of the antibiotics. Samples of osteoplastic materials (after prior immersion in antibiotic solutions) can serve as systems for long-term release of antibacterial substances (up to 30 days). However, the levels of accumulation and release differ across materials and active substances. The highest levels of antibiotic release (and accumulation, respectively) were observed for "Easy GRAFT" - 6.07 ± 5.84 (M = 3.49) mg per 1 g of osteoplastic material. Among the antibiotics, the highest rate was for gentamicin sulfate - 10.67 ± 3.57 (M = 8.67) mg per 1 g, whereas chloramphenicol showed 3.11 ± 0.48 (M = 3.01) mg per 1 g of material. The interaction between osteoplastic material and various antibiotics requires further clarification and verification at both the experimental and clinical levels. Release curves for the studied antibiotics from various osteoplastic materials were obtained over a one-month period. The ability of dental osteoplastic materials to accumulate antibiotics within their mass has been demonstrated.