The forgotten voice of fathers in supporting children with avoidant restrictive food intake disorder: a scoping review

Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) in children causes emotional, psychosocial, and nutritional impairments that significantly affect families. While there is some evidence exploring parental experiences of ARFID, the perspectives of fathers remain underrepresented. Understanding the distinct roles and challenges faced by fathers is essential for to better understand what support may be required to ensuring a holistic, family-centred approach to care. The aim of this scoping review was to explore fathers’ experiences and role when supporting a child with ARFID in mealtimes and feeding. Following the PRISMA-ScR framework, a comprehensive search strategy was developed with an information specialist. Relevant qualitative and quantitative studies were identified, screened, and charted. Data were synthesised using content analysis to capture recurring themes. Of 174 records identified, 146 were screened, seven full texts reviewed, and five studies included. Three overarching themes were identified: (i) the psychological and emotional impact of ARFID (ii) societal expectations and (iii) communication and connection. This scoping review highlights that fathers play an active role in mealtimes and care for children with ARFID, yet their experiences remain underexplored. Evidence indicates high levels of stress and depression among fathers, whose voices are often unheard despite the positive impact of their involvement on patient outcomes. Traditional qualitative approaches may be insufficient to capture paternal perspectives, underscoring the need for more creative and inclusive research methods to ensure fathers are recognised as integral partners in the care of children with ARFID.