The Effect of Empagliflozin Treatment on Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Cardiac Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Empagliflozin therapy was associated with significant EAT thinning and favorable within-subject changes in selected diastolic indices and cardiometabolic markers in T2DM patients without established cardiovascular disease. The magnitude of EAT reduction was not significantly correlated with changes in conventional metabolic or inflammatory parameters; however, given the single-arm design and absence of a control group, causal and mechanistic inferences cannot be made, and these findings should be considered hypothesis-generating. Future controlled studies are warranted to confirm these observations and clarify underlying mechanisms.