Indirect Probes of Electroweak Interactions in the Top-Quark Sector: Recent SMEFT Results from CMS

The absence of direct evidence for new particles at the LHC has shifted the emphasis of the experimental program toward precision measurements as indirect probes of new interactions. The top-quark sector provides a particularly sensitive laboratory within the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) framework. This article reviews three recent CMS results that constrain electroweak interactions of the top quark: a search for CP violation in associated \(t\bar{t}Z\) and \(tZq\)） production using CP-odd observables, a multilepton measurement probing the flavor structure of electroweak SMEFT couplings, and a Run 2 statistical combination of complementary top+X analyses. Their interpretation is discussed with explicit attention to EFT truncation, interference versus quadratic contributions, and the role of dimension-eight effects. Prospects for global SMEFT interpretations at the High-Luminosity LHC are examined.