Residual Analysis of Pressure Gradients and Wind Fields (2025)

Updated Description (v2): 2025 Residual Analysis Focus This dataset provides a detailed residual analysis of pressure gradients and wind fields for the year 2025, derived from the 2020–2025 ERA5 reanalysis dataset. Methodology: Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), dominant synoptic-scale patterns were removed to isolate stochastic, local, and non-linear atmospheric variations. This approach allows for the identification of sub-synoptic phenomena that are often masked by large-scale pressure systems. Key Features: Identification of high-residual days in 2025. Comparative analysis between localized residuals and large-scale MSLP gradients. Illustrative examples of atmospheric anomalies independent of orographic forcing. Attribution & Versioning: Data Source: ERA5 data are formally attributed according to the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) License [2026]. Revision Note: This version (v2) updates and expands upon the previous publication [DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19231184] by incorporating 2025-specific analysis and formal attribution metadata.