Neural Interfaces for Bioelectronic Medicine

Bioelectronic medicine (BEM) is an emerging scientific field that aims to revolutionize the way we understand and treat disease by using electrical impulses for diagnosis and therapy. It is an interdisciplinary endeavour that draws on advances in microelectronics, information technology, materials science, and medicine, and it holds strong promise for addressing currently unmet medical needs. At its core, BEM seeks to develop implantable devices capable of modulating neuronal circuits and biological functions in a precise, targeted, and adaptable manner. Neural interfaces play a pivotal role within this therapeutic paradigm, as they must safely probe and interact with the nervous system while maintaining long‑term stability and biocompatibility. This editorial introduces the papers published in our collection “Neural Interfaces for Bioelectronic Medicine”. The included works present the clinical landscape of neuromodulation, examine mechanisms of device failure and reliability, introduce electrode technologies with improved biocompatibility and selectivity, and explore the therapeutic potential of alternative neuromodulation strategies, such as ultrasound and magnetoelectric nanoparticle‑based approaches, supported by computational models. Together, these contributions highlight both the opportunities and the challenges that must be addressed for bioelectronic medicine to fully flourish. They also identify the key technological advancements that will shape the future of neural interfaces and enable the next generation of bioelectronic therapies. We hope you enjoy this collection as much as we did.