Dynamic Incentives in Incompletely Specified Environments

Consider a repeated interaction where it is unknown which of various stage games will be played each period. This framework separates the basic logic of intertemporal incentives from the requirement that any given strategy profile yields a well‐defined payoff vector. A natural solution concept is ex post perfect equilibrium: strategies must form a subgame‐perfect equilibrium for any realization of the sequence of stage games. When there is one long‐run player and others are short‐run, and public randomization is available, we can adapt the standard recursive approach to determine the maximum feasible gap between reward and punishment for the long‐run player. This allows us to identify which actions can be played in equilibrium and, assuming perfect monitoring, to fully characterize what outcome paths can arise. With multiple long‐run players or no public randomization, the approach fails; a diagnostic of this failure is that optimal penal codes may no longer exist.

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Publication Details

Journal
Econometrica
Published
2026-01-01
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3982/ecta23373
Citations
1
Primary Topic
Game Theory and Applications
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
58.08
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article

Dynamic Incentives in Incompletely Specified Environments

Gabriel Carroll
1 citations
Econometrica
Game Theory and Applications
58.08
article

Dynamic Incentives in Incompletely Specified Environments

Gabriel Carroll
article en
1 citations

Abstract

Consider a repeated interaction where it is unknown which of various stage games will be played each period. This framework separates the basic logic of intertemporal incentives from the requirement that any given strategy profile yields a well‐defined payoff vector. A natural solution concept is ex post perfect equilibrium: strategies must form a subgame‐perfect equilibrium for any realization of the sequence of stage games. When there is one long‐run player and others are short‐run, and public randomization is available, we can adapt the standard recursive approach to determine the maximum feasible gap between reward and punishment for the long‐run player. This allows us to identify which actions can be played in equilibrium and, assuming perfect monitoring, to fully characterize what outcome paths can arise. With multiple long‐run players or no public randomization, the approach fails; a diagnostic of this failure is that optimal penal codes may no longer exist.

EconometricaVol. 94(2)
University of Toronto (CA)
Peace, Justice and strong institutions
Openalex Percentile: Top 0%
Game Theory and Applications
58.08
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Dynamic Incentives in Incompletely Specified Environments — Gabriel Carroll · Econometrica (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS