Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Management of Cervical Insufficiency in China (2026 Revision)

Abstract Cervical incompetence occurs when the cervix fails to maintain its normal morphology and function during second-trimester, leading to recurrent second-trimester miscarriages or preterm births. To standardize and guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cervical insufficiency in China, the Perinatal Medicine Branch of the Chinese Medical Association and the Obstetrics Group of the Chinese Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology developed this consensus by referencing related research evidence and so on. This consensus provides evidence-based analysis and recommendations on key clinical issues including the diagnosis of cervical incompetence, indications for cervical cerclage, surgical techniques, timing of intervention, perioperative management, and adjunctive therapies, offering evidence-based guidance for obstetric clinical practice. Practice guideline registration: International Practice Guidelines Registry and Transparency Platform (PREPARE-2024CN1155)