Crustal Magma Storage and Plumbing System Beneath the Tianchi and Wangtian'e Volcanoes, Changbaishan Intraplate Volcanic Field, China and North Korea

Abstract The Changbaishan volcanic field, which includes the Tianchi and Wangtian'e volcanoes in China and the Namphothe volcano in North Korea, is one of the most complex and hazardous volcanic regions on Earth due to its tectonic setting and explosive Holocene activity. Although the magmatic structure beneath the Tianchi volcano has been widely studied, the subsurface systems beneath the Wangtian'e and Namphothe volcanoes remain unknown. Using receiver function data from a dense seismic array, we present the first high‐resolution images of crustal thickness and V p / V s structure across the Tianchi and Wangtian'e volcanic fields. stacking shows that the Tianchi volcano is underlain by a thick crust with high V p / V s , while the Wangtian'e volcano has normal crustal thickness but similarly elevated V p / V s . Common Conversion Point imaging reveals strong negative phases at depths of 5–10 km beneath both volcanoes, marking the likely tops of major crustal magma chambers. Ambient noise tomography, derived from the densest broadband data set collected in this region, also detects pronounced low‐velocity zones at similar depths. These results indicate that the two volcanoes form an interconnected magmatic system: mantle‐derived melts pool near the Moho beneath the Tianchi volcano and then migrate laterally to supply separate magma reservoirs beneath the Tianchi and Wangtian'e volcanoes. Notably, we identify partial melt beneath the Wangtian'e, a volcano long regarded as dormant or extinct, underscoring the need for continued monitoring and further geophysical studies of the entire Changbaishan volcanic complex.