TECHNOLOGICAL PATHWAYS FOR GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION REDUCTION (2010–2025): A GLOBAL BIBLIOMETRIC AND CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS

Abstract The global transition toward carbon neutrality has intensified scholarly attention to technological pathways for greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction. This study conducts a bibliometric and conceptual analysis of 4,803 Scopus-indexed publications published between 2010 and 2025, examining how this research stream has evolved in terms of scope, structure, and thematic focus. Using the Bibliometrix R-package (v4.2.3) together with VOSviewer (v1.6.20), the analysis combines descriptive performance indicators with network-based mapping techniques to explore the intellectual architecture of the field. The results point to a pronounced and sustained growth in publication output, especially in the post–Paris Agreement period. This expansion reflects a growing convergence between environmental engineering, energy policy, and, increasingly, digital transformation. Thematic mapping highlights energy efficiency, renewable energy, and sustainability as well-established motor themes, while topics such as blockchain, carbon trading, and green finance appear as emerging yet increasingly connected research fronts. Conceptual structure analysis further shows that GHG mitigation research has gradually moved away from isolated technological solutions toward more integrated frameworks that link innovation, regulation, and data-driven decision-making. Taken together, these patterns indicate the emergence of a techno-environmental paradigm in which digital tools and green technologies jointly shape decarbonization strategies. From a theoretical perspective, the findings contribute to sustainability transition research by clarifying how technological innovation interacts with policy and financial mechanisms. From a policy standpoint, they underline the importance of digital-based monitoring systems, innovation-oriented regulation, and international collaboration in accelerating progress toward Net Zero 2050 targets.