Foundation of self-powered carbon-neutral renewable polygeneration: Integrations into biomass gasification

Biomass gasification converts solid biomass into a combustible syngas, enabling cleaner heat and energy than direct combustion. This suffers from efficiency and economic drawbacks due to inherent energy losses when deployed as a standalone technology. Centralised dependency for energy requirements has a major influence on annual operations and may disrupt over time. This study presents a novel self-powered polygeneration system that reduces carbon emissions by integrating processes to concurrently produce distinct products, overcoming the conventional drawbacks. The process was simulated in Aspen Plus, following the sensitivity analysis, heat integration, and economic analysis. The MATLAB simulation is conducted to analyse the integrated energy supply. This integrates biomass gasification to produce Methane, Biochar, Methanol, Dimethyl ether, Hydrogen, Power, and Heat. This maximises resource efficiency and economic effectiveness by diversifying product and revenue streams. This includes numerous integrations driven by distinct decision variables, which make experimental analysis challenging. Future research must be conducted to identify robust designs and operational sustainability. • Polygeneration technologies efficiently support a carbon-neutral industry. • Combines syngas optimisation, CO₂ recycling into fuels, and renewable power. • Hybrid renewables support the transition into a self-powered industry. • Demonstrates an integrated process layout of sustainable biorefinery.