Digital Transformation Efficiency Evaluation Model of <scp>IIoT</scp> Enterprises Based on Data Envelope Analysis

ABSTRACT Employing the data envelopment analysis approach, this study develops an efficiency assessment model for the digital transformation of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) enterprises. Against the backdrop of the deep integration of the physical and digital worlds facilitated by IIoT technologies, the efficiency of digital transformation becomes a critical determinant for enterprises to harness connectivity and data intelligence. It examines data from 120 A‐share IIoT enterprises in China between 2015 and 2024, revealing an average digital transformation efficiency of 0.842 across the sample. Within this figure, technical efficiency rose to 0.902, while scale efficiency attained 0.885. The research verifies that larger enterprises achieve more effective transformation outcomes, offering theoretical foundations, and practical insights for Industrial Internet of Things companies to enhance resource allocation and for policymakers to design targeted measures.