Photocatalytic Detoxification of Glyphosate herbicide in Water using Visible-Light Active over g-C3N4/Fe3O4/CuWO4/CuO Nanocomposites

• Glyphosate was selected as a typical contaminant for simulating the contaminated water. • g-C 3 N 4 /Fe 3 O 4 /CuWO 4 /CuO composite nanoparticles were fabricated by calcination, co-precipitation and hydrothermal methodologies • Visible light Photocatalytic degradation process was carried out in a continuous-mode reactor under LED irradiation • Studying the effect of different parameters, on the removal efficiency. This article describes several methods, such as hydrothermal and calcination co-precipitation, that are utilized to create a special g-C 3 N 4 /Fe 3 O 4 /CuWO 4 /CuO nanocomposite. The structure, morphological, optical, and magnetic characteristics of the produced g-C 3 N 4 /Fe 3 O 4 /CuWO 4 /CuO nanocomposites were detailed using XRD, FTIR, elemental analysis, EDS, SEM, AFM, TEM, VSM, DRS, PL, and BET techniques. BET and BEJ measurements proved that the surface area of the quaternary g-C 3 N 4 /Fe 3 O 4 /CuWO 4 /CuO were higher than that for the four catalysts which enhances the photocatalytic effectiveness. The efficacy of the synthesis nanocomposite was investigated upon the photodegradation glyphosate herbicide (GLP) under visible light in a continuous system. Different operation parameters were studying including flow rate, GLP concentration, and intensity of light. The results demonstrated that as the flowrate and glyphosate content raised the removal efficiency weakened; alternatively, the photocatalytic removal of organic pollutants enhanced with increasing light intensity, resulting in a greater removal efficiency of 215.77 W/m 2 . The maximum removal efficiency was(83%)under catalyst dose of 1.5 g/L, flow rate of 5 mL/min, glyphosate concentration of 10 mg/L, and light intensity of 215.117 W/m 2 , under the same operating parameters 67% elimination of COD for reel wastewater was achived. The findings and scavenger trapping demonstrated that h + contributes the least to the Glyphosate reaction and that • OH is the primary active oxidant in photodegredation of Glyphosate. According to the kinetic exams, g-C 3 N 4 /Fe 3 O 4 /CuWO 4 /CuO heterojunction's had a higher degradation constant. The research presented here the g-C 3 N 4 /Fe 3 O 4 /CuWO 4 /CuO heterojunction's capacity to break down organic substances when placed under visible light, resulting in a potentially economical method of detoxifying herbicide-containing agricultural wastewater.